The tooth fairy is a welcome guest for any child who has lost a tooth. Not only will the fairy leave a small gift under the child’s pillow, but they be assured of a replacement tooth in a few months. Unfortunately, the scenario is quite different for adults grappling with a loss of teeth. Luckily, there may be some hope thanks to a new study performed by scientists at Kyoto University and the University of Fukui.
A dental breakthrough
While the typical adult mouth houses 32 teeth, approximately 1% of the population exhibits variations of them, either possessing more or fewer teeth due to congenital conditions. Researchers have delved into the genetic factors behind cases of excessive teeth, seeking valuable insights into the potential regeneration of teeth in adults. This study is the first to show that monoclonal antibodies can help regrow teeth. It suggests a new way to treat a dental problem that currently requires implants and other artificial solutions.
A bit of science
The research team disclosed that an antibody targeting a specific gene, known as uterine sensitization-associated gene-1 (USAG-1), can induce tooth development in mice affected by tooth agenesis, a congenital condition. The findings were published in the journal, Science Advances.
As per Katsu Takahashi, a senior lecturer at the Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine and one of the principal contributors to the study, the essential molecules crucial for the development of teeth have already been pinpointed. “The morphogenesis of individual teeth depends on the interactions of several molecules including BMP, or bone morphogenetic protein, and Wnt signaling,” says Takahashi.
On April 13, 2021, the University of Kyoto posted its first pic of newly-grown teeth in mice.
BMP and Wnt are involved in more than just tooth development; they affect the growth of organs and tissues early in the body’s development. Because drugs affecting them directly might have broad side effects, scientists are cautious. To find a potentially safer method, researchers focused on the gene USAG-1, thinking that aiming at factors countering BMP and Wnt specifically in tooth development could be more precise.
“We knew that suppressing USAG-1 benefits tooth growth. What we did not know was whether it would be enough,” added Takahashi.
The first results
Scientists looked at how different monoclonal antibodies affect USAG-1. Monoclonal antibodies are often used to treat things like cancer and arthritis and for making vaccines. Tests with this antibody showed that BMP signaling is crucial for deciding the number of teeth in mice. Also, just one treatment was enough to grow a whole tooth. Further tests confirmed these positive results in ferrets too.
“Ferrets are diphyodont animals with similar dental patterns to humans. Our next plan is to test the antibodies on other animals, such as pigs and dogs,” explained Takahashi.
Fully regrown frontal teeth in ferrets
The next steps
Now, scientists are going to test the drug on healthy adults. If that goes well, the team plans to try it on kids aged 2 to 6 with a rare tooth problem called anodontia, a genetic disorder defined as the absence of all teeth. These kids will get one shot of the drug to see if it makes their teeth grow. If everything works out, the medicine might be approved by 2030.
Takahashi sees the new medicine as an additional choice for individuals who are missing some or all of their teeth.
“The idea of growing new teeth is every dentist’s dream,” Takahashi told the Japanese newspaper, The Mainichi in June this year. “I’ve been working on this since I was a graduate student. I was confident I’d be able to make it happen.”
So hopefully, by the year 2030, humans will get a chance to have their third generation of teeth grown and say goodbye to implants. Until then, make sure to keep your teeth strong and healthy — this article will help you with that.
Preview photo credit KyotoU_News / Twitter
TO MY WONDERFUL HUSBAND — THANK YOU!
The room buzzed with a gentle warmth, a symphony of soft chatter and the clinking of glasses. Sunlight streamed through the windows, illuminating the silver strands in her hair as she stood, a gentle smile gracing her lips. “To my wonderful husband,” she began, her voice a little shaky, a little breathless, but filled with an undeniable love.
Fifty-five years. Fifty-five years of shared laughter, whispered secrets, and weathered storms. Fifty-five years of building a life, brick by brick, with the man standing beside her, his hand warm in hers.
“I truly love my husband,” she continued, her eyes glistening. “And I am so grateful for our 55 years of marriage. Our life hasn’t always been easy, has it, darling?” She turned to him, her smile widening. “But he has always been by my side, through every storm, every challenge, every joy.”
She remembered the early days, the cramped apartment, the late nights spent huddled over textbooks, their dreams as big as the sky. He had worked tirelessly, his hands calloused and strong, to provide for their growing family. She remembered the birth of their first child, the overwhelming rush of love, the fear, the sheer wonder of it all.
“Together,” she said, her voice filled with pride, “we raised five wonderful children. And now, we are blessed with eleven grandchildren!”
The room erupted in applause, a wave of affection washing over them. She remembered the chaos of raising five children, the constant hum of activity, the endless piles of laundry, the scraped knees and bedtime stories. He had been her rock, her partner, her equal.
“He has always been an incredible partner in parenting,” she said, her voice softening. “Reading to our kids, changing diapers, playing with them, and putting them to bed when I was overwhelmed. He never hesitated to help, whether it was inside or outside the house.”
She remembered the late nights, the whispered conversations over cups of tea, the shared dreams and anxieties. He had always listened, truly listened, his eyes filled with understanding. And she, in turn, had listened to him, offering her own brand of comfort and support.
“He does laundry,” she chuckled, a hint of playful amusement in her voice. “He cleans when I’m not feeling well, and even cooks a few times a week, simply because he enjoys it.”
She remembered the Sunday mornings, the smell of pancakes and bacon filling the house, the sound of his cheerful whistling as he worked in the kitchen. She remembered the evenings spent in the garden, their hands stained with earth, planting, weeding, and harvesting together.
“And when it comes to our garden,” she said, her eyes sparkling, “he’s right there with me, every step of the way.”
She remembered the quiet moments, the stolen glances, the unspoken understanding that flowed between them. Their marriage was a tapestry woven with shared experiences, mutual respect, and an unwavering love.
“He listens to me, and I listen to him,” she said, her voice filled with warmth. “Our marriage has always been about partnership and mutual respect.”
She looked at him, her heart overflowing with gratitude. “Today,” she said, her voice trembling, “I just want to thank him in front of everyone, just like I thank him every day, for being by my side.”
The room erupted in applause once more, a standing ovation this time. He stood beside her, his eyes filled with love, his hand squeezing hers gently. He was her anchor, her confidante, her best friend. And she, in turn, was his.
As they sat down, surrounded by their children and grandchildren, she felt a profound sense of contentment. Their life, though filled with challenges, had been a beautiful journey, a testament to the enduring power of love. And she knew, with unwavering certainty, that she wouldn’t have changed a single moment of it.
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